Socio-economic inequality in functional disability and impairments with focus on instrumental activity of daily living: a study on older adults in India

Abstract Background Studies have examined functional disability among older adults by combining Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Instrumental (IADL). This study adds another dimension to ADL IADL various impairments such as hearing, vision, walking, chewing, speaking, memory loss adults. examines in India measured ADL, IADL, along with impairments. Methods utilized data from Building a Knowledge Base on Population Aging (BKPAI), national-level survey conducted across seven states India. The three outcome variables, namely, Impairments. Descriptive bivariate analyses were used multivariate analysis fulfil the objectives study. concentration index was calculated for impairments, further, decomposition carried out IADL. Results results observed that nearly 7.5% not fully independent ADL. More than half (56.8%) three-fourths (72.6%) reported Overall, higher adult’s aged 80+ years, poor self-rated health, those suffering chronic diseases. likelihood (AOR = 6.42, 95% CI: 5.1–8.08), 5.08, 4.16–6.21), impairment 3.50, 2.73–4.48) significantly years compared 60–69 years. Furthermore, who had health suffered diseases more likely report 2.95, 2.37–3.67 AOR 2.70, 2.13–3.43), 1.74, 1.57–1.92 1.15, 1.04–1.15), 2.36, 2.11–2.63 2.65–3.30), respectively their counterparts. Educational status wealth explained most socio-economic inequality prevalence Conclusion It is recommended government advise adopt health-promoting approaches, which may be helpful. Further, there pressing need deliver quality care conditions.